A wannan makon, Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Noma ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (FAO), tare da hadin gwiwar WHO, sun fitar da rahotonsa na farko a duniya kan abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar abinci na kayayyakin da ake amfani da su.
Rahoton na nufin samar da ingantaccen tushen kimiyya don fara kafa ka'idoji da ingantattun tsarin don tabbatar da amincin madadin sunadaran.
Corinna Hawkes, darektan tsarin abinci na FAO da sashin kiyaye abinci, ya ce: "FAO, tare da WHO, suna tallafawa mambobinta ta hanyar ba da shawarwarin kimiyya da za su iya zama masu amfani ga hukumomin da suka cancanta don kare lafiyar abinci su yi amfani da su a matsayin tushe don gudanar da batutuwan kiyaye abinci daban-daban".
A cikin wata sanarwa, FAO ta ce: "Abincin da ke da kwayoyin halitta ba abinci ne na gaba ba. Fiye da kamfanoni / masu farawa 100 sun riga sun haɓaka kayan abinci na cell wanda ke shirye don kasuwanci da kuma jiran amincewa."
Rahoton ya bayyana cewa waɗannan sabbin sabbin hanyoyin samar da abinci suna mayar da martani ne ga “gagarumin ƙalubalen abinci” da ya shafi yawan al’ummar duniya da ya kai biliyan 9.8 a shekarar 2050.
Kamar yadda wasu kayayyakin abinci na cell suka riga sun kasance ƙarƙashin matakai daban-daban na haɓakawa, rahoton ya ce yana da mahimmanci don tantance fa'idodin da za su iya kawowa, da kuma duk wani haɗarin da ke tattare da su - gami da amincin abinci da damuwa masu inganci.
Rahoton, mai suna Alamomin Tsaron Abinci na Abinci na Kwayoyin Halitta, ya haɗa da haɗin wallafe-wallafen batutuwan da suka dace, ka'idodin tsarin samar da abinci na tushen tantanin halitta, yanayin duniya na tsarin tsari, da nazarin shari'o'i daga Isra'ila, Qatar da Singapore "don haskaka nau'o'i daban-daban, tsarin da yanayin da ke kewaye da tsarin tsarin su na abinci na tushen tantanin halitta".
Littafin ya ƙunshi sakamakon shawarwarin ƙwararru da FAO ta jagoranta da aka gudanar a Singapore a watan Nuwambar bara, inda aka gudanar da cikakkiyar tantance haɗarin abinci - gano haɗarin shine matakin farko na tsarin tantance haɗarin.
Gane haɗarin ya ƙunshi matakai huɗu na tsarin samar da abinci na tushen tantanin halitta: samuwar tantanin halitta, haɓakar tantanin halitta da samarwa, girbin tantanin halitta, da sarrafa abinci. Masana sun yarda cewa yayin da yawancin haɗari da aka riga aka sani kuma suna wanzu daidai a cikin abinci na yau da kullum, ana iya buƙatar mayar da hankali kan takamaiman kayan aiki, kayan aiki, kayan aiki - ciki har da abubuwan da za su iya haifar da allergens - da kayan aiki waɗanda suka fi dacewa da samar da abinci na tushen tantanin halitta.
Ko da yake FAO na nufin “abinci na tushen sel,” rahoton ya yarda cewa ''an noma' da 'al'ada' suma kalmomin da aka saba amfani da su a cikin masana'antar. FAO ta bukaci hukumomin kasa da kasa da su kafa bayyanannen harshe mai daidaito don magance rashin sadarwa, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga lakabi.
Rahoton ya ba da shawarar cewa tsarin shari'a-bi-bi-bi game da ƙimar amincin abinci na samfuran abinci na tushen tantanin halitta ya dace kamar yadda, kodayake ana iya yin gabaɗaya game da tsarin samarwa, kowane samfurin zai iya amfani da maɓuɓɓugar tantanin halitta daban-daban, tarkace ko microcarriers, ƙayyadaddun kafofin watsa labarai na al'ada, yanayin noma da ƙirar reactor.
Har ila yau, ya bayyana cewa, a yawancin ƙasashe, ana iya tantance abinci na tushen sel a cikin tsarin abinci na yau da kullun, yana ambaton gyare-gyaren Singapore game da ƙa'idodin abinci na yau da kullun don haɗawa da abinci na tushen tantanin halitta da yarjejeniyar ƙa'idar Amurka akan lakabi da buƙatun aminci don abincin da aka yi daga sel na dabbobi da kaji, a matsayin misalai. Ya kara da cewa USDA ta bayyana aniyar ta na tsara ka'idoji kan lakabin nama da kayan kiwon kaji da aka samu daga kwayoyin dabbobi.
A cewar FAO, "a halin yanzu akwai iyakataccen adadin bayanai da bayanai kan abubuwan da suka shafi lafiyar abinci na abinci na tushen sel don tallafawa masu mulki wajen yanke shawarar da aka sani".
Rahoton ya lura cewa ƙarin samar da bayanai da raba bayanai a matakin duniya suna da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar yanayi na buɗe ido da amincewa, don ba da damar kyakkyawar haɗin kai na duk masu ruwa da tsaki. Har ila yau, ta ce yunƙurin haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa zai amfanar da hukumomi daban-daban masu cancantar kiyaye abinci, musamman na ƙasashe masu ƙanƙanta da matsakaita, don yin amfani da hanyar da ta dogara da shaida don shirya duk wasu matakan da suka dace.
Ya ƙare ta hanyar bayyana cewa baya ga amincin abinci, sauran fannonin batutuwa kamar su kalmomi, tsarin tsari, yanayin abinci mai gina jiki, fahimtar mabukaci da yarda (ciki har da dandano da araha) suna da mahimmanci, kuma mai yiwuwa ma sun fi mahimmanci dangane da gabatar da wannan fasaha a cikin kasuwa.
Don shawarwarin ƙwararru da aka gudanar a Singapore daga 1 zuwa 4 ga Nuwamban bara, FAO ta ba da buɗaɗɗiyar kiran masana a duniya daga 1 ga Afrilu zuwa 15 ga Yuni 2022, don kafa ƙungiyar ƙwararru masu fannonin ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa da yawa.
Kimanin ƙwararrun 138 ne suka yi amfani da su kuma wani kwamitin zaɓi mai zaman kansa ya sake duba tare da tantance aikace-aikacen bisa ga ka'idojin da aka riga aka saita - 33 masu nema sun kasance cikin jerin sunayen. Daga cikin su, 26 sun kammala kuma suka sanya hannu kan takardar 'Ayyukan Sirri da Bayyana Sha'awa', kuma bayan tantance dukkan bukatu da aka bayyana, an jera 'yan takarar da ba su da fahimtar juna a matsayin kwararru, yayin da 'yan takarar da ke da masaniya kan lamarin kuma za a iya fahimtar cewa zai iya haifar da rikici na sha'awa an jera su a matsayin mutane.
Kwararrun kwamitin fasaha sune:
lAnil Kumar Anal, farfesa, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Asiya, Tailandia
lWilliam Chen, Farfesa kuma darektan kimiyyar abinci da fasaha, Jami'ar Fasaha ta Nanyang, Singapore (mataimakin shugaba)
lDeepak Choudhury, babban masanin kimiyyar fasahar kere kere, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Bioprocessing, Hukumar Kimiyya, Fasaha da Bincike, Singapore
lSghaier Chriki, farfesa farfesa, Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, mai bincike, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Abinci da Muhalli, Faransa (mataimakin shugaban kungiyar aiki)
lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, mataimakin farfesa, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de L'Environnement da Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Faransa
lJeremiah Fasano, babban mai ba da shawara kan manufofi, Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka, Amurka (kujerar)
lMukunda Goswami, babban masanin kimiyya, Majalisar Indiya ta Binciken Noma, Indiya
lWilliam Hallman, farfesa kuma shugaba, Jami'ar Rutgers, Amurka
lGeoffrey Murira Karau, darektan tabbatar da ingancin inganci da dubawa, Ofishin Ma'auni, Kenya
LMartín Alfredo Lema, masanin ilimin halittu, Jami'ar Ƙasa ta Quilmes, Argentina (mataimakiyar kujera)
lReza Ovissipour, mataimakin farfesa, Cibiyar Fasaha ta Virginia da Jami'ar Jiha, Amurka
lChristopher Simuntala, babban jami'in kula da lafiyar halittu na kasa, Zambia
lYongning Wu, babban masanin kimiyar, Cibiyar Nazarin Haɗarin Abinci ta Ƙasa, Sin
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-04-2024